高级内容
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## 高级内容

### 对文件进行批量重命名

To bulk rename files means to rename multiple files at once using some criterion, that applies to atleast one of the files. `Thunar` includes a bulk renamer, which can be run separately using the command Thunar -B or from within `Thunar` by selecting two or more files in the main area and pressing F2 or choosing Edit → Rename... from the main menu.

The Bulk Renamers can be applied to the name of the files, the suffix of the files or both to the name and the suffix of the files. `Thunar` currently supports the following Bulk Renamers:

- 删除字符。

- 文件计数。

- 插入日期或时间。

- 插入或改写字符。

- 搜索与替换字符。

- Convert to uppercase, lowercase or camlcase.

Additional Bulk Renamers may be installed as plugins for `Thunar`. Check the Thunar Plugins website for currently available extensions. The Thunar Project Wiki contains further details about this feature. Feel free to add more information to the Wiki.

### UNIX 文件系统

While the Thunar file manager does a good job at abstracting the details of the underlying file system, so the user does not need to care about them, it is sometimes useful to understand the basic concepts to get the whole picture. This section tries to give a brief introduction to the concepts of the UNIX file system, which is used today by all incarnations of UNIX, including Linux.

#### 文件夹和路径

In a UNIX file system all folders are arranged in a simple inverted tree structure descending and branching down from a single top level folder, which is called the root directory (the term directory is often used instead of folder) and displayed as File System in Thunar. This means that you can get from any folder to any other by going up the tree until you reach a common point, then down the tree through the appropriate subfolders until you reach your target.

The position of any file or folder in the tree can be described by its path. The path is the list of folders you would have to descend through to get to the target folder or file, starting from the top level folder. For example `/home/luke` is the subfolder `luke` of the subfolder `home` of the top level folder, and `/home/luke/myfile.txt` is the file `myfile.txt` in that subfolder. The leading `/` in these paths represents the top level folder.

Every user has their own folder to hold their personal files and settings. This folder is called the home directory and is displayed in Thunar as special icon with the users login name. The folder is similar to the My Files folder known from Windows. The home directories of the various users in a system are usually located below the `/home` folder. For example `/home/luke` would be the home directory of the user with the login name `luke`, while `/home/jane` would be the home directory for the user with the login name `jane`.

#### 文件类型

You may have already heard that everything is a file in UNIX. This is true for most objects present in UNIX systems today. In fact even devices are represented as a special files. While this may not make sense at first sight, it is one of the strengths of UNIX and its derivates, and has helped it to maintain a simple core over the years where other operating systems had to introduce new concepts for every new technology.

UNIX 文件系统之中有四种重要的文件类型。

##### 普通文件

一个普通文件可能包含文本、一个程序或者其他数据，包括图像文件、音频文件、办公文档和视频文件等等。术语 file 常用以指代一个普通文件。

##### 文件夹文件

文件夹在 UNIX 文件系统中同样被认为是文件。准确地说，一个文件夹是一个包含文件夹中存放的每个文件的文件名和文件内容的对应关系的特殊文件。

##### 符号链接文件

一个符号链接 (通常称作一个 symlink) 是一个包含有指向文件系统中另一个文件路径的特殊文件。符号链接文件自身并不包含任何有用信息，而只是指向其他文件。

##### 设备文件

如前所述，(大多数) 设备可以通过文件系统来访问。这些特殊的设备文件通常位于 `/dev` 文件夹。例如，文件 `/dev/hda` 在 Linux 中表示第一块 IDE 硬盘。

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